Turkey's operational solar module manufacturing capacity has reached approximately 13.2 GW, surpassing the combined capacity of Italy, Germany, Spain, France and the Netherlands, according to solar consultancy Sinovoltaics.

The capacity is spread across more than 20 manufacturers, led by Kalyon PV at 1.9 GW, CW Enerji at 1.8 GW, Kivanc Enerji at 1.2 GW and Schmid-Pekintas at 1.2 GW. The combined operational module capacity of all European countries does not exceed 9.7 GW, Sinovoltaics said.

With Turkey's domestic PV demand at roughly 4 GW annually, most of the capacity is export-oriented. Sinovoltaics said U.S. trade policy has made Turkey an attractive sourcing origin, as Chinese products face steep Section 301 tariffs and Southeast Asian transshipment points face anti-dumping and countervailing duties. Manufacturers including HT Solar, Smart Solar Technologies and Kalyon PV have all pursued or announced export activity to the U.S. and EU.

However, Turkey's cell production capacity remains limited at around 2.5 GW, concentrated between Kalyon PV at 2.1 GW and HT Solar at 0.4 GW. Several announced cell projects are not yet operational and are targeted for 2027 to 2030.

Sinovoltaics said the gap between module capacity and domestic demand reflects a mix of exports and underutilized capacity, consistent with broader global module oversupply where running below rated capacity has become standard.